10 Warning Signs of WHIM
If you or someone you know if affected by two or more of the warning signs listed below, speak to a physician about the possibility of WHIM syndrome. The 10 warning signs of WHIM were developed in partnership with X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
People with WHIM syndrome do not all present with Warts, Hypogammaglobulinemia, Infections, and Myelokathexisa . The broad spectrum and heterogeneity of clinical presentation can delay diagnosis by decades for patients with this rare disease. Diagnosis can be confirmed with genetic testing of the CXCR4 gene. If you or someone you know is affected by 2 or more of the warning signs listed below, speak to a physician about the possibility of WHIM syndrome.
- Neutropenia(may return to normal during infections)
- Low antibody levels in blood(e.g., IgG <600 mg/dL in people >16 years of age, and based on normal ranges for age in people ≤16 years old)
- Recurrent warts unresponsive to treatment(e.g., skin, anogenital)
- Recurring respiratory tract infections(2 or more pneumonias within 1 year)
- Frequent ear infections(4 or more new ear infections within 1 year; may result in hearing loss)
- Family history(e.g., neutropenia, recurrent infections, warts)
- Unexplained lymphopenia identified via newborn screening(but not due to severe combined immunodeficiency)
- Cancers associated with HPV(e.g., cervical, head, and neck)
- Bronchiectasis(leading to chronic lung inflammation)
- Skin infections(e.g., cellulitis, impetigo, folliculitis, abscess)
10 Warning Signs of WHIM
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If you or someone you know is experiencing any symptoms of Primary Immunodeficiency, the 4 Stages of Testing provides a structured diagnostic pathway. This evidence-based framework helps physicians accurately diagnose PI and has been translated into dozens of languages to enhance early diagnosis worldwide.
